المصطلح المفضل
commoning
تعريف
شرح كامل للمعنى المقصود لمفهوم- The practice and process of collectively owning, managing and using resources; commons traditions meet here, distinguished from free-access rights.
تبصرة توضيحية
تبصرات حول استخدام ومجال المفهوم.- [Adoption reflection — History] The commons is both the memory of resistance to modern enclosure (the privatization of common land) and the wisdom of shared management that Elinor Ostrom revealed in refuting the "tragedy of the commons." Japan's iriai, Germany's Allmende, and each country's shared forests and common pastures have their own histories. [Culture] The meaning of the commons differs where a tradition of owning and managing in common lives on, versus where the notion of private property dominates. [Capacity of actors] What matters is whether norms and organization of shared management exist. As Ostrom showed, a successful commons has intricate self-governing devices of boundaries, rules, monitoring, and sanctions. Declaring only "sharing" without these devices brings the tragedy in earnest.
ينتمي إلى المجموعة
المجموعة التي ينتمي إليها المفهوم.التغطية المكانية
- INT
بلغات أخرى
مصطلحات هذا المفهوم باللغات الأخرى.URI
https://cloud.maeul.net/maat/commoning